Sampling and analysis of substances and substance mixtures which may occur simultaneously as vapours and particles in workplace air
Air Monitoring Methods, Conceptual Topics – Translation of the German version from 2018
Dietmar Breuer1Constantin George Dragan2
Ralph Hebisch3 (Head of the working group “Air Analyses” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
Rüdiger Bartsch4
Yvonne Giesen1
Wilhelm Krämer5
Lutz Nitschke6
Gerda Nitz3
Karl‐Heinz Pannwitz7
Michael Tschickardt8
Thomas Helmut Brock9 (Head of the working group “Analytics”)
Andrea Hartwig4 (Chair of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft)
MAK Commission10
1 Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Alte Heerstraße 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany
2 Helmholtz Zentrum München, Department CMA, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
3 Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Friedrich-Henkel-Weg 1–25, 44149 Dortmund, Germany
4 Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, Building 50.41, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
5 BASF SE, ESE/MA – Z 570, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
6 Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Pfarrstraße 3, 80538 München, Germany
7 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA, Revalstraße 1, 23560 Lübeck, Germany
8 State Environmental Agency Rhineland‐Palatinate, Kaiser‐Friedrich‐Straße 7, 55118 Mainz, Germany
9 German Social Accident Insurance, Institution for the raw materials and chemical industry, Prevention - Department of Hazardous Substances, Biological Agents and Analytical Chemistry, Kurfürsten-Anlage 62, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
10 Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Kennedyallee 40, 53175 Bonn, Germany
Abstract
Due to their physical properties semi‐volatile substances can occur as particle/vapour mixtures in workplace air. Such mixtures are formed, e.g. as a result of mechanical processes such as the processing of metals or ceramics, during dipping processes in electroplating or during spraying processes. For that reason workplace air measurements must be carried out with a suitable sampling system for the collection of particles and vapours in workplace air. This report sets out the general principles of the physical behaviour of airborne aerosols and explains the different toxic effects of both phases by inhalation. Sampling strategies for collection of particle/vapour mixtures in workplace air using generally accepted combined sampling systems are described. In addition, several approved sampling heads and sampling systems such as GSP, GSP‐Mini, GGP/GGP‐U are presented. Influences on the measurement results such as temperature, humidity, sampling, transport and storage are discussed and the calculation of the expanded uncertainty when measuring these special kinds of substances is explained.
Joint Publication of the Analytical Subcommittee of the Chemistry Board of Experts of the Expert Committee Raw Materials and Chemical Industry of the German Social Accident Insurance and the working Group “Air Analyses” of the Permanent Senate Commission of the DFG for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area.
